A prohibition on purchasing sex (also "criminalization of clients") makes the purchase of sexual services punishable — sex workers remain unpunished, only the clients are prosecuted. The model is the Nordic Model (Sweden 1999, Norway, Iceland, France, Ireland, Israel, Canada).
In Switzerland, sex work has been legal since 1942 and a purchase ban is not in effect. Political initiatives (Center Party, EVP, parts of the SP) regularly call for a ban — most recently in the Federal Parliament 2024/2025. However, studies by the research institute INFRAS and the Bern University of Applied Sciences (2025) show that sex workers in countries with a ban on purchasing sex experience violence more frequently, as the business shifts into illegality and protective structures break down.
Sex worker associations (ProCoRe, FIZ, Aspasie) and the WHO oppose bans on purchasing sex. Proponents argue for women's protection and the fight against human trafficking.